Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD): A Genetic Threat to Kidney Health
Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD) is a genetic disorder that causes multiple fluid-filled cysts to develop in the kidneys, leading to gradual kidney enlargement and damage. These cysts interfere with normal kidney function, often resulting in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and, in many cases, progressing to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). PKD can be inherited in two forms: autosomal dominant PKD (ADPKD), which is more common and usually appears between the ages of 30 and 40, and the rare autosomal recessive PKD (ARPKD), which typically affects infants and children.
Early symptoms of PKD may include high blood pressure, back or side pain, blood in the urine, frequent urinary tract infections (UTIs), and kidney stones. As the cysts grow, they can also affect other organs, such as the liver and pancreas. A family history of PKD increases your risk significantly. Diagnosis is made through imaging tests like ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI, often before symptoms appear.
While there is no cure for PKD, early intervention can slow progression. Treatment focuses on controlling blood pressure, managing pain, staying hydrated, and monitoring kidney function. In advanced cases, dialysis or a kidney transplant may become necessary.
Regular check-ups, genetic counseling, and lifestyle changes play a key role in managing this disease. Raising awareness about Polycystic Kidney Disease can help patients and families seek timely medical attention and make informed decisions to protect long-term kidney health.